What happens if water is added to acid instead of the other way around during dilution?

When water is added to acid instead of the proper method of adding acid to water, a significant reaction can occur that poses a safety hazard. Acids, when diluted, release heat due to an exothermic reaction. In this scenario, adding water to a concentrated acid can result in a violent reaction where the heat generated causes the acid to evaporate rapidly. This can lead to splattering of the acid solution, potentially causing burns or injuries to anyone nearby.

This behavior is primarily because the addition of water to a concentrated acid can cause the acid to suddenly boil, creating bubbles and splashes of acidic liquid. It is crucial to always follow the correct procedure of adding acid to water gradually to ensure safety and manage the heat generated during dilution effectively.