What is the function of a Ground Fault Circuit GFC?

The function of a Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) is to protect against electric shock. GFCIs are designed to monitor the electrical current flowing through a circuit. If there is a discrepancy between the amount of current going out and the amount returning, indicating a potential ground fault—such as when electricity could be flowing through a person instead of the intended path—the GFCI disconnects the circuit almost instantaneously. This rapid disconnection significantly reduces the risk of electric shock, making GFCIs essential for safety in areas where electricity and water may come into contact, such as bathrooms or kitchens.

This protective measure is critical in ensuring the safety of individuals using electrical devices in environments where the risk of shock is heightened. While measuring current, preventing short circuits, and regulating voltage may be functions of other electrical devices or systems, the primary role of a GFCI is specifically focused on safeguarding against hazards associated with electric shock.