The purpose of an anti-scald device in a hot water system is to keep water temperatures below 140 degrees Fahrenheit. This is important because water at temperatures above this threshold can cause severe burns, especially in children and the elderly, who may be more sensitive to high temperatures. By limiting the maximum temperature, an anti-scald device helps to ensure safety in hot water usage, enabling users to enjoy hot water without the risk of scalding injuries.
While reducing energy consumption, maintaining water pressure, and preventing tank corrosion are all important aspects of hot water systems, they do not specifically address the safety concerns related to high water temperatures. Thus, the primary and most critical function of an anti-scald device is to maintain a safe water temperature for end-users.